A look at the imaginative work of artists and photographers who defied the aesthetics of realism in nineteenth-century France

Though realism is regarded as the dominant aesthetic of nineteenth-century France, an equally fervent movement of dreamlike, allegorical, and eerie literature and art was produced by figures as renowned as Victor Hugo and Odilon Redon. These "shadow visionaries" traversed the boundaries of reality in their work, recognizing the potential for art to construct a spiritual consciousness. Highlighting haunted representations of the natural world, Shadow Visionaries provides an extraordinary look at a popular yet understudied era of French art.

In bringing together a variety of media—from photographs to literature—this catalogue challenges traditional art historical narratives and facilitates ground-breaking dialogues between creative works. Essays by leading curators and historians illuminate the cultural and societal currents that inspired widespread Gothic nostalgia and uncanny constructions of the natural world.

Distributed for the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute

Exhibition Schedule:

The Clark Art Institute, Williamstown, MA

(December 13–March 8, 2026)