Neurodegeneration, the progressive loss of structure and function of neurons in the body, is a condition that affects millions of people globally. This new book covers the basics of neurodegeneration as well as the etiology, epidemiology, and diagnostics of neurodegenerative illnesses in depth. A thorough discussion of the molecular mechanisms behind neurodegenerative illnesses is provided, with particular emphasis on the roles that protein folding and misfolding play in the onset and progression of these conditions. Recent advancements in neurodegeneration associated with brain iron buildup, oxidative stress, and biomarker research are also covered. Repurposed medications, approved treatment approaches for neurodegenerative illnesses, and the application of AI and machine learning for diagnosis and therapy are all discussed. Along with cutting-edge CRISPR/Cas and genetic techniques, the book also emphasizes the potential of ethnomedicinal contributions toward neurodegenerative illnesses.