Writing Female Smugglers of the Nineteenth Century has proved quite a challenge, but a fascinating one. This was a century when the romantic notion of smuggling bold runs onto beaches with kegs of alcohol was diminishing as duties were slowly eroded on such highly desirable goods. But it was a century when more innovative and ingenious ways of smuggling a larger variety of goods came to the fore. Tobacco and alcohol, yes, but also lace, luxury fabrics and garments, jewellery and even looms were being smuggled in, and out of the U.K. This was not the century of the popular pirate figures of the eighteenth century with its famous female figureheads. The early part of the nineteenth century saw women involved in helping their husbands and family with unloading and distributing goods, seen as a survival necessity given their limited incomes latterly, more well-heeled women on superior vessels were smuggling goods for themselves, often thanks to the fashion for bustles! Of course, as in all areas of history, women are often disregarded and demoted to second-rate roles, so finding out about such women has only been possible thanks to court records, oral history, and newspaper reports. As a result, the subject has not been covered elsewhere in any great detail and this book attempts to resolve that gap. It covers the whole of the U.K. and has chapters on the U.S.A. and Europe and is intended to entertain and amuse as well as, perhaps, to educate. AUTHOR: Dee Gordon, a widow with an adult autistic son, has lived in Southend-on-Sea for 40 years, having wanted to settle there since making day trips from the East End as a child. Upon taking early retirement in 2000 after selling her recruitment business and completing a belated English degree, she returned to writing after being published as a teenager and has since written nineteen books about the East End, Southend and Essex, as well as a couple of other non-fiction books and novels. She also runs a local writing group. 30 b/w illustrations