This new history explores the relationship between twentieth century Australian drama and a developing concept of nation. The book focuses on the creative tension sparked by the duelling impulses of nationalism and cosmopolitanism. Also competing are artistic seriousness and larrikin populism. This book examines the influence of European high culture and popular theatrical forms on Australian drama, the ambivalence (between affection and aggression) of much Australian humour, and the interaction between the personal and the political in drama.