The Moon & Antarctica is Modest Mouse’s third full-length album, first Released in 2000. The album was the band's first release on a major label. The album peaked at number 120 on the U.S. Billboard 200 albums chart.

The album was praised by critics and fans alike for its in-depth discussion of dense subject matter, as well as frontman Isaac Brock's clever and introspective lyrics. The album was also hailed for being an expansion of the band's unique sound. This was due both to the band's new major label tools as well as the production of Brian Deck. The title of the album is taken from the opening scene of Blade Runner, where the main character is reading a newspaper, headlined: "Farming the Oceans, the Moon and Antarctica.”

To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the album, the album was re-issued, with the album remastered , and the original artwork and tracklisting restored.